Table of Content
- The Russian military has a new pop song celebrating its ‘Son of Satan’ nuclear ICBMs
- Flood warning
- How space-based solar power works — and why it's being considered now
- Earn in $USD doing online tasks from home
- 'Outstanding appointment': Former prime minister Kevin Rudd posted to Washington as Australia's US ambassador
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It all put me in mind of a man who’d made a house of ice in deepest winter but now senses spring around the corner, and must move his furniture out before it all melts and collapses around him. The last drought broke all the records and future inflows have consequently been downgraded. But heat, drought and floods continue to break records as climate change intensifies. Constructed by a firm named Posiva, Onkalo has been hewn into the island of Olkiluoto, a brief bridge’s length off Finland’s south-west coast. When I visited in October, the birches on Olkiluoto had turned to a hot blush. In a van, we went down a steep, dark ramp for a quarter of an hour until we reached Onkalo’s lowest level, and here I caught the acrid odour of a closed space in which heavy machinery has run for a long time.
The Russian military has a new pop song celebrating its ‘Son of Satan’ nuclear ICBMs
Huge downpours saw the dam go from 17,000 megalitres of available water, to more than 1.6 million megalitres near the end of 2021. Using data captured from satellites, we're able to see the extent of water at the dam when it was full back in November 2016. This is on full display in central west New South Wales at Burrendong Dam, which at capacity can hold 1.6 million megalitres of water — three times as much water as Sydney Harbour. We have a variety of tasks, such as transcribing text and audio, labeling images, and labeling LiDAR data.
"With river regulation those bounces aren't as high because there's less water in the system and less flooding … the times when it's not bouncing, the dry times are more severe, so they're flatlining for longer." "When this event is over, we're going to have much better information available to understand how the river floods, and what levels we're going to expect if there's future flooding." "As far as I'm concerned the current system takes account of climate change exceptionally well, given its dealing with the climate as it is now." "You could actually allocate water based on the water that you've got in the storage, not on future anticipated inflows. But what that does is it means that there's less water allocated to irrigation.
Flood warning
"As soon as you build the dam, or enlarge a dam, you have less water because you get evaporation. Out of Burrendong the evaporation is about 10 per cent of the water so immediately you get less water for a dam. "We can't be trying to squeeze every drop of water out of these rivers for developing and abstracting that water for irrigation." Rigney is also critical of how water is allocated in the Murray-Darling Basin. Grant Rigney is a Ngarrindjeri man and chair of Murray Lower Darling Rivers Indigenous Nations .
At the moment, Nuclear Waste Services is in discussions with four communities about the potential to host a GDF. Three are in Cumbria, and if the GDF does wind up in this neighbourhood, the Sellafield enterprise would have come full circle. After the 2011 disaster at the Fukushima nuclear plant in Japan, several countries began shuttering their reactors and tearing up plans for new ones. They’d become inordinately expensive to build and maintain, in any case, especially compared to solar and wind installations. In the UK, the fraction of electricity generated by nuclear plants has slid steadily downwards, from 25% in the 1990s to 16% in 2020. Of the five nuclear stations still producing power, only one will run beyond 2028.
How space-based solar power works — and why it's being considered now
As water from right across the basin makes its way into South Australia, the state is recording flow rates and river heights not seen in decades in some areas. Two floors above, a young Sellafield employee sat in a gaming chair, working at a laptop with a joystick. He was manoeuvring an ROV fitted with a toilet brush – “a regular brush, bought at the store,” he said, “just kind of reinforced with a bit of plastic tube”. With a delicacy not ordinarily required of it, the toilet brush wiped debris and algae off a skip until the digits “9738”, painted in black, appeared on the skip’s flank. When they arrived over the years, during the heyday of reprocessing, the skips were unloaded into pools so haphazardly that Sellafield is now having to build an underwater map of what is where, just to know best how to get it all out.
Both are built by General Dynamics and are configured to have three crew members in the body and one in the turret. It has been 25 years since the Army retired its last M551 Sheridan light tanks, which weighed only 17 tons, so they could be flown in an Air Force C-130 transport plane or airdropped to support airborne units. Initially, the Army tried to replace its Sheridan tanks with the Stryker Mobile Gun System, but the service abandoned that program in May 2021. The solution often offered up to solve Australia's water crises is to build or expand water storage, through dams and weirs.
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In Sellafield, these nuclear divers will put on radiation-proof wetsuits and tidy up the pond floor, reaching the places where robotic arms cannot go. Not far from the silos, I met John Cassidy, who has helped manage one of Sellafield’s waste storage ponds for more than three decades – so long that a colleague called him “the Oracle”. Cassidy’s pond, which holds 14,000 cubic metres of water, resembles an extra-giant, extra-filthy lido planted in the middle of an industrial park. In the water, the skips full of used fuel rods were sometimes stacked three deep, and when one was placed in or pulled out, rods tended to tumble out on to the floor of the pond. Most of the atoms in our daily lives – the carbon in the wood of a desk, the oxygen in the air, the silicon in window glass – have stable nuclei. But in the atoms of some elements like uranium or plutonium, protons and neutrons are crammed into their nuclei in ways that make them unsteady – make them radioactive.
I only ever saw a dummy of a spent fuel rod; the real thing would have been a metre long, weighed 10-12kg, and, when it emerged from a reactor, run to temperatures of 2,800C, half as hot as the surface of the sun. In a reactor, hundreds of rods of fresh uranium fuel slide into a pile of graphite blocks. Then a stream of neutrons, usually emitted by an even more radioactive metal such as californium, is directed into the pile. Those neutrons generate more neutrons out of uranium atoms, which generate still more neutrons out of other uranium atoms, and so on, the whole process begetting vast quantities of heat that can turn water into steam and drive turbines. Strauss was, like many others, held captive by one measure of time and unable to truly fathom another. The short-termism of policymaking neglected any plans that had to be made for the abominably lengthy, costly life of radioactive waste.
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Which was just as well, because I’d gone to Sellafield not to observe how it lived but to understand how it is preparing for its end. Sellafield’s waste – spent fuel rods, scraps of metal, radioactive liquids, a miscellany of other debris – is parked in concrete silos, artificial ponds and sealed buildings. Some of these structures are growing, in the industry’s parlance, “intolerable”, atrophied by the sea air, radiation and time itself. If they degrade too much, waste will seep out of them, poisoning the Cumbrian soil and water. It was no secret that Sellafield kept on site huge stashes of spent fuel rods, waiting to be reprocessed. An older reprocessing plant on site earned £9bn over its lifetime, half of it from customers overseas.
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